Transmission



Aug. M, M23. 1,464fi91 G1. 1.. BAYLEY TRANSMISSIGJIJ Filed May 24 1922 INVENTOR Gl. Ba yley BY PM 944M WW W ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. it, l923. I l v entree stares PATENT @FFHCE.

GUY JL. BAYL'EY, F CHAPPAQUA, NEW YURK. 'rnnnsnrssron. Application filed may 24., 1922. Serial Ito. 563,244.

7 To all cohom it may concern: eating insuring at all times a smooth work- Be it known that I, GUY L. BAYLEY, a mg of the parts upon each other. Thus citizen of the United States, residing at I eliminate the liability to overheating and happaqua, in the county of Westchester, glazing, with consequent sticking of the State of New York, have invented certain parts, and l insure a steady, uniform, efinew and useful Improvements in Transcient drag upon the drum, when the brake missions; and I do hereby declare the folis applied.

lowing to be a full, clear, and exact de- In the drawings;

scription of the invention, such as will enigure 1 is a plan View of a portion of 035 able others skilled in the art to which it a Ford transmission, with parts broken appertains to make and use the same. away,

My invention is an improvement in trans- Figure 2 is a perspective view of the brake missions of the planetary type such as are band detached, commonly used on low-priced motor cars, lgure 3 is a plan view with parts broken and relates particularly to the construction away, of a portion of-the facing for the and arrangement of the braking mechanism; band.

In these transmissions, a large amount of In the present embodiment of the inheat is generated during the application of vention, t e transmission indicated genthe brakes, by the friction between the drum orally at 1, an arranged within the usual 76 and the brake band or strap. Such heat casing 2, includes a brake drum '3, with is generated quickly and at the periphery which cooperates a brake band 4:. This of the drum resulting in temperatures sufiband, which is of metal, and has radial lugs ciently high to cause the oil to carbonize on 5, for engagement by operating means of the brake linings and form a glaze. Due usual construction whereby to tighten the 8 to this glaze the retarding action of the band on the drum, is faced with a lining brake lining is not uniform and constant, 6 of fabric material, the said material besuch as would result in a smooth and ing usually of cotton, since cotton has been adual slowing of the drums rotation. found to-be most suitable for the purpose.

The parts incline to stick or seize, with The lining of fabric material increases the consequent disagreeable jerking of the body, friction between the bandand the drum, but

and excessive strains to the mechanism of the the lining is a poor conductor of heat, and car. This conditionef affairs is recognized, the'heat generated by contact between the and attempts have. heen made to cure it, band and the drum is not readily conducted by arranging the drum to operate in a bath to the band, where it could be dissipated. of oil thereby to lubricate and cool the parts, he casing 2 contains oil, and this oil has and by facing the band or strap with a been utilized to lubricate the parts of the material that will not heat readily by frictransmission, the oil which is carried up on tion. However, an only that portion of the the face of the flywheel indicated at 7 being drum as is exposed between the lugs 5 of the diverted onto the top of the brake drum. 06 brake band is subjected to the flow of the For this purpose a funnel shaped collector cooling oil, the amount of heat carried away. 8 is secured in fixed position at the top of in this manner is very limited. The periphthe transmission, just above the brake drum ery which is the part to be cooled, is pro- 3, and the drums 9 of the transmission. This 7 tected to a large extent by the brake band, collector collects the oil from the face of the 1 and the material of the band does not read flywheel, and distributes it on to the brake ily conduct the heat from the engaging face drum, between the lugs of the band 4. of the to the free face thereof. Hence the coolbrake band, and onto the transmission ing and lubricating action is far from satisdrums 9. The brake hand a shields and profactory. tects the periphery of the brake drum 3, so 31 In the present invention 1 provide a transthat there is but little lubrication of the con mission wherein the facing is an excellent tacting surfaces of the band and drum, and

conductor of heat, rapidly transferring the very little cooling. The contact between the lotion generated heat from the peripher eriphery of the drum and the oil is slight.

of t e drum tothe free face of the ban urthermore, the lining 6 does not readily Mo where it is absorbed and removed, and l conduct the heat to the metal band 4, so that also provide a band which is self-lubrithe transfer of heat is relatively small. To

overcome the various difficulties which I have ointed out, I have provided a brake band ining which has a high heat conductivity. This band I also make self-lubricating, and I accomplish these results by comletely and uniformly impregnating the and with graphite.

I have foun d that it is possible to carry on this impregnation satisfactorily only by the use of graphite in the colloidal form, commonly termed deflocculated graphite. By using graphite in this highly sub-divided condition the complete and uniform impregnation of the textile material which forms the band may be obtained. Graphite in the powder or flake form is not satisfactory since the fibres of the material, such, for instance, as cotton, ordinarily used for brake band linings, have a tendency to filter out the graphite particles from the impregnating medrum. By using colloidal graphite,

the textile material is completely and uniformly impregnated and thereby acconductivity which impossible to obtain with other forms of graphite.

The impregnation process is carried on with the use of oil in which the colloidal graphite is suspended. This oil is heated to a relatively high temperature, so as to increase its viscosity, and the fabric is placed in the oil. The continued heating of the oil serves to drive out the airamong the textile fibres and the graphite particles enter. The graphite will thus uniformly and completely impregnate the fabric.

It is not necessary, though preferable, that the medium should be oil, since colloidal graphite may be readily suspended in water or other fluid media and a com lete and uniform impregnation secured.

The textile material treated in the manner'described is thereby made a good thermal conductor so that it transfers heat readily from the periphery of the drum to the metal portion of the band encasing the lining. In addition the graphite serves for lubricating purposes, thus reventing the lining from becoming glaze and so maintaining the efficiency of the brake.

in order to assist in the cooling action ll rovide the oil collector 8 with lateral ranches 11 overlying the brake hand. These branches deliver oil on either side of the lugs 5, directly on the exposed band. The oil: so delivered tends to absorb the heat which is conducted from the drum to the metal band by means of the lining, and so keeps the temperature of the band relatively low. As has previously been explained, in the ordinary type of brake the oil is delivered to the face of the drum only over that small exposed area between the lugs 5, and is not particularly effective in keeping the temperature down. In the present case however, have provided atc nducting lining which transmits heat rem V of the drum with the exception 5, and this cooling oil flowing over metal band.

With the improved lining the action of the band on the drum is smooth and the hand does not have a tendency to stick, thereby eliminating jerking and chattering. This effect is broug t about primarily by the increased thermal conductivity of the lining, which keeps the temperature so low as to prevent hardening or glazing of the fabric, and also by the lubricating qualities of the impregnated graphite.

I claim:

1. A brake band lining consisting of a textile fabric impregnated with colloidal graphite.

2., A brake band lining consisting of a tertile fabric havin colloidal graphite uniformly distribute therethrough. 3. ln a brake mechanism, a brake band having a lining or facing of fabric material uniformly impregnated with colloidal graphite to increase the heat conductivity of the band and to provide lubrication, and means for discharging oil upon the free face of the band.

a. In a brake mechanism, a brake band having a lining or facing of fabric material impregnated with colloidal graphite to increase the heat conductivity of the band and to provide lubrication, and means for discharging oil upon the free face of the band, said means com risin a collector adjacent to the flywheel elivermg onto the free face of the band.

in testimony whereof ll am my signature.

GUY L. BAYLEY.

face of the 

